As an RTL Synthesis engineer in the integrated circuit (IC) industry, the adoption of Physical Aware Synthesis (PAS) is critical for achieving optimized performance, power, and area (PPA) metrics. This blog explores advanced PAS techniques, providing specific case studies and the latest cutting-edge technologies in digital design.

Physical Aware Synthesis integrates physical design information into the synthesis process, allowing for more accurate predictions of timing, congestion, and power consumption. By incorporating physical constraints early, designers can achieve better correlation between the synthesized netlist and the final placed-and-routed design, reducing iterations and improving overall design efficiency.

1. Timing-Driven Synthesis

Timing-driven synthesis optimizes the design to meet timing constraints by considering the physical placement of cells and the interconnect delays.

Case Study:

A semiconductor company utilized Cadence Innovus for timing-driven synthesis, achieving significant improvements in runtime and timing accuracy compared to traditional flows. By integrating timing-aware placement and optimization, the design team achieved a 2X speed-up in runtime and more consistent timing closure results at the 7nm node.

Implementation:

Tool Integration: Use tools like Cadence Innovus that support timing-driven synthesis.

Early Timing Analysis: Incorporate early timing analysis to guide placement and optimization decisions.

2. Congestion-Aware Synthesis

Congestion-aware synthesis minimizes routing congestion by distributing the placement of cells to avoid dense areas, thus improving routing feasibility and performance.

Case Study:

A network processor team applied Synopsys Design Compiler's congestion-aware synthesis capabilities to manage high-density regions in their design. By doing so, they reduced routing congestion, leading to fewer design iterations and improved timing performance.

Implementation:

Placement Optimization: Utilize congestion-aware placement algorithms to distribute cells evenly.

Routing Analysis: Perform early routing analysis to identify and mitigate congested areas.

1. Power-Aware Synthesis

Power-aware synthesis aims to minimize power consumption by considering power constraints during the synthesis process. This approach is crucial for battery-powered and low-power applications.

Case Study:

A mobile processor design team used Mentor Graphics' Tessent Power for power-aware synthesis. By integrating power constraints early, they achieved significant reductions in dynamic and static power, enhancing the battery life of their mobile devices​.

Implementation:

Multi-Vt Cells:Use multi-threshold voltage (multi-Vt) cells to balance power and performance.

Clock Gating:Implement clock gating techniques to reduce dynamic power consumption.

2. Hierarchical Physical Synthesis

Hierarchical physical synthesis involves partitioning the design into smaller blocks, each optimized individually, before integrating them at the top level. This method improves manageability and scalability for large designs.

Case Study:

A design team at Broadcom adopted hierarchical physical synthesis using Synopsys' tools. By optimizing each block separately and then integrating them, they managed to maintain high performance and accuracy while reducing synthesis runtime and complexity​.

Implementation:

Design Partitioning:Divide the design into manageable blocks and optimize them individually.

Integration Flow:Ensure seamless integration of blocks at the top level for consistent results.

Physical Aware Synthesis is essential for achieving optimal PPA in modern IC designs. By leveraging timing-driven synthesis, congestion-aware synthesis, power-aware synthesis, and hierarchical physical synthesis, engineers can enhance the efficiency and accuracy of their design process. These techniques ensure that the synthesized design meets stringent performance, power, and area constraints while reducing development time and costs.